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Vance County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 45,422.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/37/37181.html )〕 Its county seat is Henderson.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 Vance County comprises the Henderson, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had a 2012 estimated population of 1,998,808. ==History== The county was formed by the white Democratic-dominated legislature in 1881 following the Reconstruction era from parts of Franklin, Granville, and Warren counties. The county is named after Zebulon Baird Vance, a Governor of North Carolina (1862–1865, 1877–1879) and United States senator (1879–1894). According to the 1955 book, ''Zeb's Black Baby'', by Samuel Thomas Peace, Sr., this was a political decision to concentrate blacks and Republicans in one county and keep Democratic majorities in the other counties, an example of gerrymandering: The formation of Vance County was accomplished largely as a political expediency. It was in 1881 when Blacks in large numbers were voting solidly Republican. Granville and Franklin Counties were nip and tuck, Democratic or Republican. From the Democratic standpoint, Warren County was hopelessly Republican. But by taking from Granville, Franklin and Warren, those sections that were heavily Republican and out of these sections forming the new county of Vance, the Democratic party could lose Vance to the Republicans and save Granville and Franklin for the Democrats. () Senator Vance was a Democrat. He took kindly to this move and thanked the (Carolina ) Legislature for honoring him with naming the new county after him. At the same time...Vance showed his humor by always referring to Vance County as 'Zeb's Black Baby.' In the 1890 Census, Vance County was more than 63 percent African American.〔("Vance County, North Carolina" demographics )〕 In 1894 a biracial coalition of Populists and Republicans elected African American George M. White to the US Congress and gained control of the state house. The Democrats were determined to forestall this happening again. White strongly opposed the new constitution, saying "I cannot live in North Carolina and be a man and be treated as a man."〔 He left the state after his second term expired, setting up a business in Washington, DC.〔("George Henry White" ), ''Black Americans in Congress'', US Congress〕 The Democrats in the North Carolina legislature settled the political competition with the Republicans by following other southern states and passing a law in 1896 making voting more difficult, and a new constitution in 1899 that disfranchised most blacks by poll taxes, literacy tests and grandfather clauses. Contemporary accounts estimated that 75,000 black male citizens of the state lost the vote.〔(Albert Shaw, ''The American Monthly Review of Reviews'', Vol.XXII, Jul-Dec 1900, p.274 )〕〔(Richard H. Pildes, "Democracy, Anti-Democracy, and the Canon" ), ''Constitutional Commentary,'' Vol. 17, 2000, pp. 12-13〕 In 1900 blacks numbered 630,207 citizens, about 33% of the state's total population.〔(Historical Census Browser, 1900 US Census, University of Virginia ), accessed 15 Mar 2008〕 This situation held until past the mid-20th century and after passage of the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965.〔Michael J. Klarman, ''From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality'' (Oxford University Press, 2006), p. 32〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vance County, North Carolina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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